Nelson Rohlihlala Mandela Abridged Chronology
Year Date Event
 
1918 18 July Born at Mvezo in the Transkei
1925   Attends primary school near Qunu. Teacher wants all children to have a Christian name so gives him the name ‘Nelson’
1927   Entrusted to Nkosi Jongintaba Dalindyebo, the acting Regent of the Thembu people at the Great Place at Mqhezweni
1934   Undergoes initiation; Goes to Clarkebury Boarding Institute in Engcobo
1937   Goes to Healdtown, the Wesleyan College at Fort Beaufort
1939   Enrolls at the University College of Fort Hare, in Alice
1940   Expelled
1941   Escapes an arranged marriage, becomes a mine night watchman in Johannesburg; Lives in Alexandra. Starts articles at the law firm Witkin, Sidelsky & Eidelman
1942   Completes BA through the University of South Africa (UNISA). Writes the exams at Fort Hare
1943   Enrolls for an LLB at Wits University; Graduates with a BA at Fort Hare
1944   Co-founds the ANC Youth League (ANCYL); Marries Evelyn Ntoko Mase – they have four children: Thembekile (1945); Makaziwe (1947 – who dies after nine months); Makgatho (1950); Makaziwe (1954)
1948   Elected national secretary of the ANCYL
1951   Elected President of the ANCYL
1952   Defiance Campaign begins. Mandela is arrested; Elected Transvaal ANC President; Arrested for violating the Suppression of Communism Act; Opens own law office; Convicted with J S Moroka, Walter Sisulu and 17 others under the Suppression of Communism Act; Sentenced to nine months imprisonment with hard labour, suspended for two years; Qualifies with a diploma allowing him to work as an attorney and is employed by law firm HM Basner; Elected the first of two ANC deputy presidents; Opens South Africa’s first black law firm with Oliver Tambo.
1953   Devises the M-Plan for the ANC’s future underground operations
1955   Watches as the Congress of the People at Kliptown launches the Freedom Charter.
1956   Arrested and joins 155 others on trial for Treason. The trial lasts four-and-a-half years.
1958   Divorces Evelyn Mase; Marries Nomzamo Winnie Madikizela – they have two daughters: Zenani (1959) and Zindziswa (1960)
1960   A state of emergency is imposed after the Sharpeville Massacre. Mandela is amongst throusands detained. The ANC is banned.
1961   Goes underground after he and 29 remaining accused in the Treason Trial are acquitted; Umkhonto weSizwe (MK) formed
1962   Leaves the country for military training; (5 August): Arrested near Howick; (7 November) Sentenced to five years for incitement and leaving the country illegally
1963 May Sent to Robben Island; brought back to Pretoria after two weeks; tried in Pretoria, for sabotage with nine other MK members in the Rivonia Trial
1964 11 June All except Bernstein and Kantor are convicted and sentenced (12 June) to life imprisonment
1969   Thembekile killed in a car accident
1982   Mandela, Sisulu, Mhlaba and Mlangeni and later Kathrada sent to Pollsmoor Prison
1985   Rejects P W Botha offers to release him if he renounces violence; Prostate surgery
1988 August Contracts TB and is admitted to Tygerberg Hospital for six weeks; (December): Admitted to Constantiaberg MediClinic. December: Moved to Victor Verster Prison
1990 11 February Released
1991   Elected ANC President
1993   Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize with FW De Klerk
1994 27 April Votes for the first time in his life; Elected as first president of a democratic South Africa (9 May); Inaugurated as President (10 May)
1995   Establishes the Nelson Mandela Children’s Fund
1996   Divorces Winnie Mandela
1998 18 July Marries Graca Machel on his 80th birthday
1999   Steps down after one term as president; establishes the Nelson Mandela Foundation
2001   Diagnosed with prostate cancer
2002   Launches global HIV AIDS campaign 46664
2003   Establishment of the Mandela Rhodes Foundation
2004 2 June Announces that he will be stepping down from public life
2005 6 January Makgatho dies. Mandela announces that he died of an AIDS-related illness
2006   Centre of Memory and Dialogue approved as the core work of the Nelson Mandela Foundation
2007   Grandson Mandlesizwe Mandela invested as Nkosi Zwelivelile of Mvezo; inauguration of the Nelson Mandela Institute for Education and Rural Development
2008   Turns 90 years old, asks the emerging generation to continue the fight for social justice
2009   Attends the inauguration of South Africa’s fourth democratically elected president Jacob Zuma; Turns 91; receives copies of the children’s version of his autobiography from his great-grandson Ziyanda Manaway.
2010 February Attends a reunion gathering at his home in Johannesburg to celebrate the 20th anniversary of his release from prison; (June) attends the funeral of his great-granddaughter Zenani, 13, who was killed in a car accident; (July) makes a surprise appearance of the final match of the Fifa World Cup at Soccer City in Soweto